Gas-producer.



C. M. GARLAND.

GAS PRODUCER. APPLICATION FILED DBG.19.1913.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914. f l

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

G. M. GARLAND.

j GAS PRODUCER. APPLIQALTIN FILED DBC.19. 1913.

1,115,804. Patented N0v.3,1914.

2 SHEETS -SHEET 2.

Mk1/765565.' l jme/violi einen CLAUDE M. GARLAND, F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GAS-PRODUCER.

arianna.

TQ all 'inkom t mayV concern:

-Be it known that l, CLAUDE M. Gammo, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of illinois, haveinvented new and useful lmprovements in Gas-Producers, of which thefollowing is a clear and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings. u

My invention refers to producers of the type in which a. blast of airand an endo thermic reagent such as steam or carbon dioXid is passedthrough an incandescent bed of Vfuel whereby a combustible gas isgenerated.

rlhe object oi' my invention is to provide a producer of this type forthe gasification of bituminous fuels in which the rotation of a centralsection of theproducer agitates the lower portion oi' the fuel bed toprevent the formation of clinker, and at the same time agitates theupper distillation o'r coking Zone to prevent or break up the formationof coke.

A. further object of my invention is to provide means for distilling ofithe volatile matter of bituminous fuels in such a manner as to convert alarge portion of the volatile matter into fixed combustible gases.instead of condensible hydrocarbons and pitch. rlhis latterobject isattained by causing non-oxidizing gases such as superheated ste-ain orsteam mixed with a portion of the gases leaving the producer to passdownward through the green bituminous fuel so that the volatile matteris distilled oil at a lo7 temperature, that is, a temperature under 900orlhis form of distillationA tends to prevent the formation of coke,increases the calorlic value oi the gas generated and consequentlyraises the efficiency ci" the producer.

VVFurther advantages will be brought out in the following` descriptionand in the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specication.

Referring to the drawings in which like numerals refer to the same partsin the different views: Figure l shows a vertical sec, tion takenthrough the center of my producer While Fig. 2 shows a plan view in partsection taken on the line A A of Fig. l.

ilhe numeral l indicates an intermediate rotating gasification chamberwhich consists ot the steel shell 6 lined with iirebrick 4. Near the topis the water seal 28 and near Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 3, 1914.

.application filed December 19, 1913. Serial No. 807,611.

Athe bottom is the mantle ring 49 on Which 'ring 49.

44 is a track which is formed on the rack 35 and which is supported onthe rollers 3 mounted on the columns 30 and 82.

3 indicates a lower stationary chamber which is made up of the ash cone24 provided with dumping` valve 45 for the removal of ash, and the shell26 which is provided with the supporting angle 25.

27 is a water seal which preventsv the escape of the blast between thelower stationary chamber 3 and the intermediate rotating chamber l.

22 indicates a fuelor ash support which is rigidly mounted on the beams21 is a blast pipe communicating with the interior of the chamber 3. Y19 is a blast hood mounted on the casting 52 which forms a part of theash support 22.

19 permits the blast to pass to the center of the fuel bed while theopeningsv 51 in the bosh plates 7 permit blast to pass to the sides ofthe fuel bed.

20 indicates wings cast on the casting 52 water seal 28. The top plate29 is formed by' the dished sheet l2, top sheet 10 and side .sheet 53.

11 indicates poking holes' which extend through the top plate.

31 indicates brackets which are rigidly mounted on the shell 53.

30 and 82 indicate columns which support The chamber 2 .is smaller indiameter than the chamber 1 andis preferablymade oval or oblong insection While the intermediate chamber 1 is made circular. The object ofthis arrangement is to'prevent the fuel in the upper chamber 2 fromrotating with the fuel in the intermediate chamber 1. The oblong sectioncauses a shearing action to take place between the fuel in the twochambers which is yery beneficial in breaking up any coke that may formand in causing the descent of the fuel inthe chamber 2. The walls ofchamber 2 are ta ered to also facilitate the descent of the el. r1`hechamber 2 is preferably located eccentrically with respect to thechamber 1 to make room for the gas exit13.

14 is a pipe which communicates with the gas space in the upper part ofthe chamber 1 through the gas exit 13 and with the pipe 1G' which inturn communicates with the space in the upper portion of the chamber 2.lris a valve located in the pipe 14.

1T indicates a steam nozzle extending into the pipe 16.

18 is a cut off valve in the steam line 51 which supplies the nozzle17.' By turning steam into the nozzle 1'? a suction is roduced in thepipe 1i which draws gas rom the chamber 1 and forces it, together withthe steam. into the chamber 2.

55 indicates a rotating shaft on which is rigidly mounted the eccentric39 which operates to raise and lower the arm Li() through the rod 3S.The arm 4G is loosely mounted on the shaft 48 which is journaled in thebearings e?. v'The worm 43 is rigidly mount` ed on the shaft 48.

41 is a pawl pivoted to the arm 110.

42 is a ratchet wheei rigidly mounted on the shaft 118. As the arm 10rises and falls the pawl 41 moves the ratchet Wheei 42. which rotatesthe shaft 48 the Worm 43 and the rack 35, Which causes the rotation ofthe chamber 1.

The operation of the producer is as follows: Fire is started in theproducer in the ordinary Way and coke charged through the device 19until it is `within a foot ofthe top of the. chamber 2, r1`he chamber 1is now n rotated through the Worm i3, and-bituminous fuel charged ontothe coke. The blast 'of air and steam enters through 21, passes upthrough the fuel contained in 1 and gen-V erates a combustible gas whichpasses out through the exit 13. Steam is turned onto the nozzle 17 andpasses -into the chamber this steam in the well' lmorvn manner,

is Aproduce a vacuum in the clue to its i-elocity of discharge, tendsAto pipe 14, which draws gas from the chamber 1 and this gas whichshould have a temperature of about 1000o F. under normal conditions,mixes with the steam thus'superheating it and the mix- .ture of gas andsteam is discharged into the chamber 2 and forced downward through thegreen bituminous fuel. Due to the low temperature of. the mixture thevolatile matter in the fuel is distilled off largely inthe form of fixedgases although a small amount of pitch is formed and some light oilsWhich are readily condensable at room temperature and yield valuableby-products. The volatile matter distilled off mixes with thecombustible gases from the chamber 1 and passes to the gas exit 13. Thismixture of low' temperature gases and distilled volatile matterdescending through the upper chamber 2, maintains the top plate 29 atthe mouth of the chamber 2 cool so that it does not Wear out readily. lfit were not for this the high temperature from the fuel in the chamber1, combined with the chemical action of the gases' and the abrasionbetween the fuelv and the center ring of the top plate 29 would ,soondestroy the center ring. is the chamber 1 rotates the large mass of fuelin the upper part tends to remain stationary and rotate with thechamber. rJihe fuel in the chamber 2, due tot the flattened section ofthis chamber, is prevented from rotating, this results in a directshearing of the fuei between the two chambers, which grinds up the cokethat has been formed, causes the fuel in the upper chamber to descendand stops up any holes that may form in the fuel bed in the rotatingchamber 1. is the chamber 1 .ro-- tetes the ash around the casting 52 isgiven a twisting motion' which entends up into the fuel contained in 1,thus tendingto prevent the formation of clinker and breaking up thatwhich does form. During the rotation ofthe chamber the ashes resting onthe support 22 tends to follow the rotation of the chamber. x 1n doingthis they come-in contact `with the inclined ash bars 33 and slide alongthese until they are raked 0d into the ash cone 2a and at someconvenient time dumped through the door 45.

Having thus described my invention, 1

1. 1n a gas producer having a horizon' tally divided casing, a topcovering the upper portion of the said casing, a chamber of 'flattenedsection mounted on the said top ed above the said intermediate rotatingchamber, an upper chamber of smaller diameter than the other saidAchambers mounted on the said top plate, whereby an annular gas space oftriangular section is formed between the 'said top plate, the walls ofthe said intermediate rotating chamber and thev fuel contained thereinand a gas off-take pipe mounted on the said top plate and communicatingwith the said annular gas space.

3. In a gas producer, chamber, an intermediate rotating chamber, astationarytop plate mounted above the said intermediate rotatingchamber, an upper chamber of smaller diameter than the other saidchambers mountedon the said top plate, and eccentrically with respectlto the said intermediate rotating chamber, whereby an annular gas.space of triangular section is formed in the upper part of the saidintermediate rotating chamber, and a gas olf-take pipe mounted on thesaid top plate and communicating with the said annular gas space.

4. In a gas producer, a lower stationary chamber, an intermediaterotating chamber, a stationary top plate mounted aboveY the saidintermediate rotating chamber, an upper chamber of flattened or ovalsection mounted on the said top plate, whereby an annular gas passage ortriangular section is formed in the upper part of the said inter--mediate rotating` chamber, and a gas oiiI take pipe mounted on the saidtop plate and communicating with the said annular gas space in the upperpart of the said intermediate rotating chamber.

In a gas producer, a lower stationary chamber, an intermediate rotatingchamber, a stationary top plate mounted above the said intermediaterotating chamber, an upper chamber of flattened or oval section mountedon the said top plate and eccentrically with respect tothe saidintermediate rotating chamber whereby an annular gas space of triangularsection is formed in the upper part of the saidintermediate rotatingchamber and a gas off-take pipe mounted on the said top plate andcommunicating with the said annular gasspace.

-a lower stationary .6. In a gas producer, a lower stationary chamber,an intermediate rotating chamber, an upper stationary chamber ofliattened or oval section eccentrically mounted with respect to the saidintermediate chamber, a top plate langing the bottom of the said upperstationaryv chamber, a water seal between the said top plate and thesaid intermediate rotating chamber and a water seal between the saidintermediate rotating chamber and the said lower chamber.

7. In a gas producer, a lower stationary chamber, an intermediaterotating chamber, an upper stationary chamber of flattened or ovalsection mounted eccentrically with respect to the said intermediaterotating chamber, a water cooled top-plate Hanging the bottom of thesaid upper stationary chamber, a water seal between the said top plateand the said intermediate rotating chamber, la water seal between thesaid intermediate rotating chamber and the said lower stationarychamber, a twyer at the bottom of the said lower stationary chamber, acharging device mounted on the top of the said upper stationary chamber,and a gas exit mounted on the said top plate.

8. In a gas producer having a horizontally divided casing, a topcovering the upper portion of the said casing, a chamber of flattenedsection mounted on the said top and eccentrically thereto, the lowerportion of the said casing being revoluble with respect to the saidupper portion, a pipe coinmunicating with the upper portion of the saidchamber of flattened section and with the upper portion of the saidhorizontally divided casing, and a steam nozzle located in the said pipeand adapted to discharge steam into the upper portion oi the saidchamber of flattened section.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

CLAUDE M. GARLAND.

stationary

